Intercropping cereal crops, such as maize and rice, with legume crops like peanut, soybean, and mungbean can significantly increase crop yield. When using the additive series of intercropping, the population of the main crop, such as rice, is the same between intercropping and monocropping systems. However, in the replacement series of intercropping, the population becomes only 50%. On average, intercropping rice with peanut increased grain yield per clump of rice plants grown under aerobic irrigation systems, both under additive and replacement series of intercropping systems. For instance, when one row of peanut was relay-planted between double rows of red rice in the additive series, it significantly increased the grain yield of red rice per clump or per unit area. This is mainly due to an increase in the number of panicles per clump, the number of filled grains per panicle, and the weight of 100 grains or harvest index. However, when intercropping black rice with peanut in the replacement series under a 2:2 row proportion, there was significant competition between black rice and peanut plants, resulting in lower grain yield of the black rice in intercropping than in monocropping systems, if they were fertilized only with NPK fertilizers. But when organic and biofertilizer containing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) was added to the NPK fertilizers, there was a significant increase in the grain yield of the black rice. This resulted in significantly higher grain yield of the intercropped black rice plants than the monocropped black rice plants. Therefore, to increase rice yield per unit area, it is recommended to adopt additive intercropping of rice with legume crops under aerobic irrigation systems.
Author(s) Details:
Wayan Wangiyana,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram, Mataram, Lombok, Indonesia.
I. Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mataram, Mataram, Lombok, Indonesia.
Siti Zainab,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of 45 Mataram, Mataram, Lombok, Indonesia.
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