The present study discusses current literature regarding the relationship between gut microbiota, CIPO patients and intestinal motility, suggesting that future studies could be important for better comprise the causes of intestinal motility dysfunction in CIPO patients. Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by severe impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) motility and its symptoms are suggestive of partial or complete intestinal obstruction in absence of any lesion restricting the intestinal lumen. Diagnosis and therapy of CIPO patients still represent a significant challenge for clinicians, despite their efforts to improve diagnostic workup and treatment strategies for this disease. Motility in the GI tract is controlled by the enteric nervous system (ENS), CIPO patients could be affected by alterations of the ENS. Furthermore, a recent pilot study has also highlighted, for the first time, a specific intestinal mucosa associated microbiota, and an altered expression of intestinal serotonin-related genes in CIPO patients. The purpose of this review is to better understand what is currently known about the relationship between CIPO patients and intestinal microbiota, with a focus on the role of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and the intestinal endocrine system (IES) in intestinal motility, underling the importance of further studies to deeply understand the causes of gut motility dysfunction in these patients.
Author(s) Details:
Giulia Radocchia
Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Bruna Neroni
Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Massimiliano Marazzato
Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Elena Capuzzo
Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Simone Zuccari
Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Fabrizio Pantanella
Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
Letizia Zenzeri
NESMOS Department, Paediatric Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy and Paediatric Emergency Department, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
Melania Evangelisti
NESMOS Department, Paediatric Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Francesca Vassallo
NESMOS Department, Paediatric Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Pasquale Parisi
NESMOS Department, Paediatric Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Giovanni Di Nardo
NESMOS Department, Paediatric Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant’Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.
Serena Schippa
Department of Public Health and Infection Disease, Microbiology Section, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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Recent Global Research Developments in CIPO, Microbiota, and Gut Motility: An Overview
Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction (CIPO):
CIPO is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by severe impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) motility.
Patients experience symptoms suggestive of partial or complete intestinal obstruction, even though no anatomical lesions restrict the intestinal lumen.
CIPO can affect both pediatric and adult patients and may have primary, secondary, or idiopathic origins.
The underlying histopathology may involve neuropathy, myopathy, or mesenchymopathy.
Gut Microbiota and CIPO:
Recent research has explored the connection between gut microbiota and CIPO.
The enteric nervous system (ENS) and intestinal endocrine system (IES) play crucial roles in intestinal motility.
However, the exact causes of gut motility dysfunction in CIPO patients remain elusive.
Future studies are essential to deepen our understanding of this complex relationship [1].
Global Research Trends:
Researchers have investigated the links between gut microbiota and various conditions, including CIPO.
Immunotherapy, acid, intestinal barrier, and fecal microbiota transplantation are at the forefront of research in this area [2].
Challenges in Gut Microbiome Research:
Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in understanding the gut microbiota’s significance for human health.
Challenges include defining the healthy and core gut microbiome, unveiling bacterial strain differences, and moving from association to causal studies [3].
References
- Radocchia G, Neroni B, Marazzato M, Capuzzo E, Zuccari S, Pantanella F, Zenzeri L, Evangelisti M, Vassallo F, Parisi P, et al. Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction: Is There a Connection with Gut Microbiota? Microorganisms. 2021; 9(12):2549. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9122549
- Wang, Shuyuan, ZHEN YUAN, Xiaohui Gao, Jiaxing Wu, Yifan Ren, Xiufeng Yu, Jianxiong Li, and Wei Wei. “Global research trends on the links between gut microbiota and radiotherapy: A bibliometric analysis (2004-2023).” Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 14: 1414196.
- Wu, H., Forslund, S., Wang, Z. et al. Human Gut Microbiome Researches Over the Last Decade: Current Challenges and Future Directions. Phenomics (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43657-023-00131-z
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