The risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and dietary fiber has a significant relationship. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a joint disorder that causes functional impairment. A research has proven the relationship between the fibre and RA by using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in the United States between 2011 and 2020. The global prevalence of RA has been increasing at 8.2% annually since 1990, highlighting the need for improved diagnosis and prevention strategies. Inflammation is a crucial factor in RA development, and the dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a pivotal tool to assess a diet’s overall inflammatory potential. The survey, which included non-institutionalized US individuals, was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. The research team used various methods, including dietary recall sessions and questionnaires, to investigate the association between fiber consumption, inflammatory markers, and RA prevalence. The study found an inverse relationship between total fiber intake and RA incidence. Specifically, individuals in the top-most tertile of fiber intake had a lower prevalence of RA than those in the lowest tertile. Cereal fiber intake had a significant inverse correlation with RA, while the association of fruit and vegetable fiber with RA was inconclusive.
The study also identified the dietary inflammatory index (DII) as a critical intermediary in the association between fiber intake and RA incidence. Data suggested that DII played a mediating role in this association, with a 26% increase in RA prevalence with one-unit increments in DII.
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Future research needs to evaluate the potential impact of other dietary components on DII and limitations of the dietary recall approach. Nonetheless, the findings suggest that sub-optimal fiber intake may contribute to higher RA prevalence.
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References:
1. Wan H, Zhang Y, Ning Z, Liu M, Yang S. Associations of cereal fiber intake with rheumatoid arthritis mediated by dietary inflammatory index: insights from NHANES 2011–2020. Sci Rep, 2024. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-52806-w https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-52806-w
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